Cholesterol LDL / HDL / Hypercholesterolemia: definition, complications, treatments

You find in this video and in this article:

- The definition of cholesterol

- The different types of cholesterol: LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol

- the diagnosis of hypercholesterolemia, the lipid assessment

- risk factors for hypercholesterolemia

- complications of hypercholesterolemia

- advice and recommendations to reduce its cholesterol levels

Cholesterol is very useful for our body, but it can become harmful if its rate becomes too high.

Cholesterol is a fatty acid (lipid) which allowsHormone synthesis (chemical messengers transported through blood). He also participates in the composition of membranes of our cells.

You should know that there areTwo types of cholesterol:

- cholesterolLDL, If its rate is too high compared to HDL cholesterol, it can cause theplaques training. cardiovascular illnesses

- cholesterolHDL, It allows you to trap LDL cholesterol, it is acardiovascular protector.

People who suffer the most hypercholesterolemia or excess cholesterol:

• Frequently consume original products animallike the cold meats
• Are inoverweightand do not do or very little sport
• Suffer from certain diseases affecting the liver where the kidney
• Can be suffering fromdiabetes Wherehypothyroidism(decrease in the activity of the thyroid gland)

It is imperative toregularly control your cholesterol levels. If the LDL rate becomes too high permanently compared to the HDL rate, it can cause plates to form.

These can plug a heart artery and cause aangina(poor oxygenation of the heart muscle) resulting inMyocardial infarction(death of the heart tissue for lack of oxygen) and aTotal heart stop.

These plates can also form at the level of an artery that irrigates a leg, which causes its obstruction and thegangrene(stopping the passage of blood in the member concerned), in the most serious cases, aamputation may be necessary.

It is possible to control your cholesterol level thanks to alipid profile. It's about ablood testwhere the doctor asks to dose the rates:

• Cholesteroltotal
• CholesterolLDL
• CholesterolHdl
• Of the riglycerides(fatty acids which are an energy source for our body, but they can cause heavy complications if their rate becomes too high)

Each person must have asuitable cholesterol levelsdepending on itsrisk factors. The higher the number of risk factors, the lower the LDL cholesterol level.

Here is the list of risk factors to take into account to determine the figure that your LDL cholesterol levels should not exceed.

- If you were amanand that you have an age higher than 50 years, this counts for 1 risk factor

- If you are an Fswiveland that you have an age higher than 60 years, this counts for 1 risk factor

- if one of yourclose parent(father or mother) was affected by a cardiovascular problem (myocardial infarction, sudden death before the age of 55 for your father or a first degree uncle and before the age of 65
For your mother or a first degree aunt, this counts for a 2nd risk factor.

- If you have somealcoholism historyorsmoking(current or stopped for less than 3 months), this counts for a 3rd risk factor

- If you suffer from aType 2 diabetesor ahigh blood pressureThis counts for a 4th risk factor

- If your cholesterol levelHDL is less than 0.4 g/l, this counts for a 5th risk factor

For0risk factor The cholesterol level should not exceed2.2 g/l.
For1risk factor The cholesterol level should not exceed1.9 g/l.
For2risk factors The cholesterol level should not exceed1.6 g/l.
For3risk factors The cholesterol level should not exceed1.3 g/l.
For4 And more risk factors, cholesterol levels should not exceed1,0 G/L, as well as for high -risk cardiovascular patients.

There are treatments to reduce cholesterol levels, they must be absolutely accompanied by abalanced diet and suitable regular physical activity.

To limit the increase in cholesterol levels, it is necessaryreduceherconsumptionof original productsanimal(cold meats, red meat, ...),privilegedthemmargarinesand thevegetal oilssuch as olive oil, nut oil, soy oil and preferably consume half-skimmed dairy products.

Dr Noura Marrai (Doctor of Pharmacy, YouTuber Health, creator of the health well-being Pharmaquiz) application

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